P1190 on BMW vehicles indicates that the engine control module (ECM) has detected an out-of-range fuel trim correction specifically for the pre-catalyst (upstream) oxygen sensor on bank 1. The ECM monitors the short-term and long-term fuel trim values and sets this code when the required correction exceeds a calibrated threshold, signaling a rich or lean condition that the system cannot adequately compensate for.
Guidance is general and written for BMW vehicles. Exact tests and values vary by model, so confirm the fault before replacing parts.
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