AUTO Veteran

The Motorist's Pride

500+
DIY Guides
75K
Community Members
1.2M+
Monthly Views

Interactive Diagrams

More Diagrams
Crankshaft Journal Types and Failure Modes

Crankshaft Journal Types and Failure Modes

Crankshafts feature main journals and rod journals that connect to engine bearings, with counterweights balancing rotational forces. Common failure modes include wear on journals leading to knocking sounds, cracks from stress, misalignment causing vibration, overloading, bearing failure, and eventual engine failure. Flat plane and cross plane crankshaft designs differ in journal arrangement and performance characteristics.

DIY Tutorials

All Tutorials
Troubleshooting

Overheating, Misfires, and More: Common Engine Pr…

Struggling with engine overheating, misfires, overheating, coolant leakages or other performance is…

9 months ago
8 Mins read
Diagnostic Trouble …

P0021 A camshaft postion - timing over-advanced o…

If you have a P0021 code on your OBD-II scanner, it means that your car's engine has a problem with…

9 months ago
3 Mins read
Car Buying Tips

3 Reasons Why Manual Transmissions Are Still Wort…

If you are in the market for a new car, you might be wondering whether to go for a manual or an aut…

9 months ago
3 Mins read
Marine Engineering

What Happens If You Drop The Anchor At Full Speed?

Dropping anchor at full speed is a very dangerous and reckless thing to do. It can cause serious da…

9 months ago
3 Mins read
Parts Description

Understanding Your Mass Airflow Sensor: Function …

Unlock the secret to a smoother ride! Learn how the Mass Airflow Sensor (MAF) works its magic to op…

9 months ago
7 Mins read
Car Maintenance Tips

Your Tire Could Look Perfect And Still Explode — …

Every summer, 733 people die from tire malfunctions in America alone. That number hits different wh…

7 months, 2 weeks ago
10 Mins read
Diagnostic Trouble …

P0101 - Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Performance

DTC P0101 is a generic code that indicates a problem with the mass air flow (MAF) sensor performanc…

9 months ago
3 Mins read
Troubleshooting

Car Stuck in Second or Third Gear? A Guide to Fix…

For many drivers, an automatic transmission is a marvel of modern engineering. It seamlessly handle…

8 months, 4 weeks ago
3 Mins read

Forum Q&A

All Questions

Seeing a barometric pressure reading of 199 kPa on a 2011 Jaguar at ignition-on is a red flag, this value is physically impossible under normal atmospheric conditions.

Ramphele DL
Replies (2)

Ramphele DL : At sea level, you’re looking at roughly 100 to 102 kPa, and even at the bottom of the Dead Sea (the lowest point on Earth), it doesn’t exceed 108 kPa. So, 199 kPa suggests either a serious sensor input error or a corruption in the ECU’s interpretation of the signal. On Jags of this era, the ECU performs a barometric pressure snap shot during key on before engine start, using the MAP sensor as the measuring device since there’s no separate BARO sensor. If the intake manifold or MAP port is contaminated, restricted, or sees abnormal pressure (like a stuck open EGR or boost control issue), it can skew this reading.

Ramphele DL : But more commonly, it’s a circuit issue check the 5V reference line to the MAP sensor for voltage spikes or resistance. I’ve seen cases where a failing alternator or poor grounding introduced enough electrical noise to make the ECU think it was under 2x atmospheric pressure. Verify the actual supply voltage at the sensor with the connector plugged in (back-probing), and ensure the ground is solid less than 0.2 ohms to battery negative.

At sea level, you’re looking at roughly 100 to 102 kPa, and even at the bottom of the Dead Sea (the lowest point on Earth), it doesn’t exceed 108 kPa. So, 199 kPa suggests either a serious sensor input error or a corruption in the ECU’s interpretation of the signal. On Jags of this era, the ECU performs a barometric pressure snap shot during key on before engine start, using the MAP sensor as the measuring device since there’s no separate BARO sensor. If the intake manifold or MAP port is contaminated, restricted, or sees abnormal pressure (like a stuck open EGR or boost control issue), it can skew this reading.

Ramphele DL

Yes, a faulty O2 sensor can cause this issue. It helps regulate the air-fuel mixture. If it's not working properly in cold conditions, the engine may run too rich or lean, resulting in rough idling and vibrations.

Jimna Mustafa
Replies (3)

Alvin Knex : If it’s the O2 sensor, why would it only happen when the engine is cold? Wouldn’t it affect performance all the time?

Jimna Mustafa : Good observation! Many O2 sensors only become active once the engine reaches operating temperature. When cold, the engine runs in 'open, loop' mode and ignores the O2 sensor, relying on preset fuel maps. If the sensor is failing, it might only cause issues once it starts influencing the fuel mixture, or if it sends incorrect signals during warm-up.

Alvin Knex : Turns out the upstream O2 sensor was failing. Swapped it out, and the violent shaking is gone. Thanks for pointing me in the right direction!

If it’s the O2 sensor, why would it only happen when the engine is cold? Wouldn’t it affect performance all the time?

Alvin Knex